Behavioural addictions, also known as process addictions, refer to non-substance-related addictions that involve a compulsion to engage in a rewarding non-drug-related behaviour. Unlike substance addictions, which involve the use of drugs or alcohol, behavioural addictions are centred on an action or behaviour that provides a rewarding experience. Over time, these behaviours can interfere with daily activities and responsibilities, leading to significant distress or impairment.

Common Types of Behavioral Addictions:

Gambling Addiction: The compulsive need to gamble, leading to financial, emotional, and sometimes even legal troubles.

Food Addiction:
The compulsive consumption of food, particularly foods high in sugar, fat, and salt, usually to cope with stress or emotional issues.

Internet Addiction: An overwhelming desire to spend excessive time online, to the detriment of other aspects of life.

Exercise Addiction: A preoccupation with physical exercise that interferes with daily life and may lead to physical injury.

Characteristics:

Compulsion: A strong, irresistible urge to engage in the behaviour.

Tolerance: Needing to engage in the behaviour more frequently or intensely to achieve the desired effect.

Withdrawal: Experiencing emotional or physical symptoms when unable to engage in addictive behaviour.

Neglect of Responsibilities: Failing to fulfil major obligations at work, school, or home due to engagement in the behaviour.

Limited Control: Unsuccessful attempts to cut back or control the behaviour.

Continuation Despite Harm: Continuation of the behaviour even when aware of its negative consequences.

Because the field of behavioural addictions is still evolving, there is ongoing debate within the scientific community about the exact criteria for diagnosing and treating these conditions. Nevertheless, they are increasingly recognized as legitimate and impactful forms of addiction that require professional attention.